" Treat people the way you want to be treated. Talk to people the way you want to be talked to. Respect is earned , Not given."
Honorifics
Korean can be a language hard to master because it had been developed and elaborated into a polite manner. This polite manner is to show the relationship between the speaker to speaker-referent. this is to show that the speaker-referent is placed in a position either higher, lower,stronger or weaker than speaker.
The traditional Korean society is vertically structured with interpersonal relationship strongly affected by different relative social strata. Honorific expression have been highly developed because of it vertical relationships. Non-reciprocity is also one of the characteristics of Korean. The superior can be used either formal or informal speech forms whereas the inferior can only be used either formal, honorific or deferential form.
The deferential form is applicable when you meet those who are older than you such as the teacher. Basically it is use during formal events such as meeting .Therefore, the form ends with "in- minda" (ㅂ 니다) . Moreover, the standard form in Korean can be also used when you meet those who are older than you as well as equal status when you are not familiar with that person. This form end in "yo" (요). Lastly, the informal form is used depending on the level of comfort with the person whom you are speaking to such as friend.
The honorific form is called as "Jondae mal". The informal form is called as "ban-mal".
The traditional Korean society is vertically structured with interpersonal relationship strongly affected by different relative social strata. Honorific expression have been highly developed because of it vertical relationships. Non-reciprocity is also one of the characteristics of Korean. The superior can be used either formal or informal speech forms whereas the inferior can only be used either formal, honorific or deferential form.
The deferential form is applicable when you meet those who are older than you such as the teacher. Basically it is use during formal events such as meeting .Therefore, the form ends with "in- minda" (ㅂ 니다) . Moreover, the standard form in Korean can be also used when you meet those who are older than you as well as equal status when you are not familiar with that person. This form end in "yo" (요). Lastly, the informal form is used depending on the level of comfort with the person whom you are speaking to such as friend.
The honorific form is called as "Jondae mal". The informal form is called as "ban-mal".
Example :
1. Greeting
Deferential form : 안녕하십니까 (annyeong haseumnikka)
Standard form : 안년하세요 (annyeong haseyo)
Informal form : 안녕 (annyeong)
2. vocabulary
Deferential form : 안녕하십니까 (annyeong haseumnikka)
Standard form : 안년하세요 (annyeong haseyo)
Informal form : 안녕 (annyeong)
2. vocabulary
집
(chip) (house) 자다 (cha da) (sleep) 성함 (seong ham) (name) |
댁
(taek) (house) 주무시다 (chumushida) (sleep) 이름 (i reum) (name) |
References:
1. "Honorifics of korean language" the korean way. http://thekoreanway.wordpress.com/2010/07/13/honorifics-of-the-korean-language/ (accessed ).
2. H. Koo, John. An Introduction to Korea Culture. Korea: Hollym Corporation, 1997.
1. "Honorifics of korean language" the korean way. http://thekoreanway.wordpress.com/2010/07/13/honorifics-of-the-korean-language/ (accessed ).
2. H. Koo, John. An Introduction to Korea Culture. Korea: Hollym Corporation, 1997.